
How to use online metaphorical cards: frame a question, describe your response, and test the conclusion against facts. The article covers one-card and multi-card practice, working with another person, and signs that it is time to stop.
This material is for informational and educational purposes only and is not medical, psychological, or psychotherapeutic advice. If you are experiencing an acute psychological condition or need professional support, please contact a doctor, psychologist, psychotherapist, or crisis service.
A person opens an online deck and sees a card: an empty chair beside a window. The first thought sounds almost like a search query: “What does this card mean?” One person might answer loneliness, another waiting, while a third remembers the morning kitchen in a grandmother’s house. The image is the same, yet each conversation begins somewhere different.
This is a useful boundary of metaphorical associative cards. A picture can offer a reason to slow down, describe your response, and notice a thought that was difficult to formulate without an image. The person still creates the story and draws the conclusions.
What are metaphorical associative cards?

An image in a metaphorical deck has no fixed meaning
Metaphorical associative cards, often shortened to MAC, are sets of images sometimes accompanied by words or questions. A person looks at a card and describes what they see, what associations arise, and how those associations relate to their situation. Meaning is not fixed inside the deck. A tree may remind one participant of endurance, another of an isolated house, and leave someone else largely unmoved.
Images have long been used in qualitative research as prompts for conversation. In photo-elicitation methods, participants describe their own photographs or respond to visual material, and researchers analyse their accounts. These studies show that images can support discussion of experience; they do not show that a card diagnoses personality or literally uncovers the unconscious. For example, the PEARL method combined photography of daily experience with reflective interviews. Its findings concerned participants’ accounts, not universal meanings hidden in pictures.
For personal use, it is more accurate to call MAC a reflection tool. A psychotherapist may include cards when that suits the client’s request and the practitioner’s competence; the therapeutic process comes from the relationship and professional work rather than the deck itself.
When we look at an ambiguous image, attention selects details. One person notices a figure in the corner, another an open door, and a third the colour of the sky. The current question, mood, experience, culture, and even what happened an hour earlier can influence that selection.
The first association is simply the first response. You can examine it with questions: what exactly in the image led me to this thought? Is there another explanation? Am I speaking about the present situation or recalling something familiar? Answers help move from an attractive metaphor to a specific observation.
When working with another person, it is especially important not to take ownership of their interpretation. “This dark room represents your depression” replaces their experience with the facilitator’s opinion. Safer questions are: “What caught your attention? Which word fits this scene? Does it connect with your question?”
From a question to an observation
A question that is too broad often produces an equally broad answer. “What is wrong with me?” easily leads to self-criticism. “What do I want from life?” may be too large for ten minutes. It is more useful to choose a situation in which you can name the context and a possible next step.
- instead of “Which decision is right?” ask “What matters for me to consider before this conversation?”;
- instead of “Does he love me?” ask “What can I already observe in this relationship, and what do I want to ask directly?”;
- instead of “Why do I ruin everything?” ask “What happens in the minute before I withdraw from an agreement?”;
- instead of “What does the future hold?” ask “What risk and what resource can I see in the next step?”
The question should leave the decision with the person. A card may help examine a choice, but it cannot take responsibility for leaving a job, ending a relationship, treatment, money, or safety.
A one-card practice in seven steps
Open MriyaRun online metaphorical cards and set a limited time, perhaps fifteen minutes. You can draw a random card or deliberately choose from several. Randomness provides a new stimulus, not a prediction.
- Write down the question. One sentence prevents you from quietly changing the question to fit the picture.
- Describe observable details. Who or what is shown? Where are the objects? What colours and directions of movement appear? Leave conclusions for later.
- Name associations. What word, memory, sentence, or bodily response arose? No response is also an acceptable response.
- Connect it with the situation. Which detail resembles your question? Where does the resemblance end?
- Try another view. What might a person who knows nothing about your life see? Which detail did you initially miss?
- State the conclusion in your own words. Replace “the card told me to leave” with “I noticed that another month of uncertainty is what frightens me most.”
- Close with something concrete. Writing two questions for a conversation, asking for a day to decide, checking the figures, or resting and returning tomorrow may be enough. A reflection does not need to end with a dramatic action.
Close the deck and reread the note. If a conclusion feels convincing mainly because the picture was dramatic, postpone the decision and test it against facts.
From one card to several
The card shows a person before a bridge. The question is, “What should I consider before changing jobs?” The first association is danger: the bridge is narrow, the water dark, and returning will be difficult. A minute later, the person notices a path beside it and realises that the real situation had also been reduced to two options—stay or resign immediately.
A practical conclusion may be modest: first discuss a change of role, update the CV, and learn the conditions of three vacancies. The card did not predict a successful move. It helped reveal a third option that can be checked outside the deck.
Another person looking at the same bridge may feel relief: at last there is a route away from a place they no longer want to remain. Both responses belong to the people, not to the picture.
Several cards can give the practice more structure. Four positions are enough for a complicated decision:
- what is happening now;
- what I am trying to protect;
- what I may be overlooking;
- one small step I can test.
Describe each card separately before looking for a story between them. Do not force the images to agree. If the third card feels irrelevant, it can remain uninterpreted.
For a relationship conversation, different positions may help: “how I see the situation,” “what I can say directly,” “what I want to ask,” and “which boundary I am prepared to maintain.” Replace “what does the other person really think?” with something that can be observed or discussed with them.

An online deck can structure personal associations
A deck’s title sets a frame, so match it to the question. Images of journeys and roles may support reflection on a transition; boundary cards may support a conversation about interaction; neutral scenes leave more room for free association. The MriyaRun MAC catalogue contains different sets, but no title determines the result in advance.
For a first attempt, choose a deck without highly intense or frightening scenes. Looking through the whole gallery before starting is not a mistake; sometimes a sense of control matters more than randomness. If a particular card produces strong aversion, you can skip it without explaining why.
Online cards are convenient when a physical deck is unavailable or you want to record a brief response. Physical cards provide a tactile experience and make it easier to place several images side by side. Neither format automatically makes reflection deeper.
Where the card's reach ends
Divination gives a symbol authority to reveal the future or a hidden state of affairs. In reflective practice, the material comes from the person’s response: what they noticed, remembered, felt, and decided to examine. These are different agreements with the user.
Psychological assessment also has different requirements. The APA Ethics Code requires assessment methods to be used in line with evidence about their appropriate application, validity, and reliability, and requires significant limitations to be stated. A free narrative about a picture does not establish a diagnosis, determine a “personality type,” test truthfulness, or demonstrate trauma.
Some publications about metaphorical cards describe theoretical foundations and practitioner experience, while the research base itself remains limited. An image may support conversation and self-observation. Promising therapeutic effectiveness for a particular online deck would require separate controlled studies.
When another person joins the practice
If you use cards with another person, agree on the rules first. Either person may reject a card or decline to explain an association. Advice is given only when requested. Personal stories are not carried outside the conversation without consent.
A useful facilitator response might be: “I heard that the closed door reminded you of the conversation with your manager. What is the main similarity?” A less safe response is: “You chose a door because you fear intimacy.” Even when an inference sounds plausible, the person has the right not to recognise themselves in it.
In a group, separate an association from an interpretation of someone else’s life. A participant can say, “For me this card is about exhaustion.” “You clearly have burnout” already claims to assess a condition. The facilitator manages time, consent, and closure rather than competing to offer the deepest explanation.
A card may evoke a memory or a strong physical response. Stop if arousal rises quickly, unreality or panic appears, or there is an urge to harm yourself or someone else. Put the image aside, name objects around you, feel the support beneath your feet, and contact someone you trust. Immediate danger requires local emergency help.
Personal practice should not pressure you to reconstruct a traumatic event in detail. Violence, bereavement, psychotic experiences, addiction, or recurring crises are safer to explore with a qualified professional who can assess the situation and help plan support. Metaphorical cards do not replace assessment, treatment, or medication.
At the end, bring the story back to facts with several questions:
- Which fact from my situation supports this conclusion?
- What have I assumed without evidence?
- Which need, value, or boundary has become clearer?
- What should I ask another person directly?
- Which step can be reversed or changed if it does not help?
- What will help me return to my usual state after this practice?
For a longer written reflection, use these self-analysis questions. Answers a day later may differ from the first response. That does not make the original note false; the context changed or attention found something new.
A metaphorical card is useful to the extent that it supports a more precise conversation with yourself. Facts, relationships, consequences, and decisions remain after the image. The practice needs to return there.
Sources and limits of the evidence
- Photo-experiencing and reflective listening: A trauma-informed photo-elicitation method to explore day-to-day health experiences — an example of photographs used as prompts in reflective interviews; it is not a study of MAC effectiveness.
- Using photovoice to explore women's experiences of a women-only prevention and recovery care service in Australia — a primary qualitative study in which participants described their own photographs; it does not establish universal meanings of images.
- APA Ethical Principles, section 9: Assessment — requirements concerning evidence, validity, competence, and limitations in psychological assessment.
- Methodological and theoretical foundations of therapy with metaphorical associative cards — a theoretical review, not a controlled trial of therapeutic effectiveness.
- MriyaRun: Journals, MAC Cards and Self-Reflection
- Psychologist Toolkit
- Online Metaphorical Cards: A Practical Guide Without Divination
