There are stressful moments in any job, but what if yours only consists of them? Prolonged stress leads to professional burnout, which is a problem for everyone: for you, the employer, and the family. Why does this condition occur, how is it dangerous and how to recognize it?
This material is for informational and educational purposes only and is not medical, psychological, or psychotherapeutic advice. If you are experiencing an acute psychological condition or need professional support, please contact a doctor, psychologist, psychotherapist, or crisis service.
What is occupational burnout?
Burnout is the result of chronic stress at work that has not been successfully overcome.
In 2022, burnout syndrome was added to the International Classification of Diseases as a factor affecting health. It is not considered a disease, but it seriously affects our physical and mental state.
The compilers emphasize that this term is related to professional life and should not be used in other areas.
Symptoms of professional burnout
There are three main signs of professional burnout.
- Physical, emotional and mental exhaustion. You feel like a squeezed lemon, even if you just woke up.
- Detached, cynical or negative attitude towards work. It seems pointless, boring and painful. Colleagues, management, clients annoy you.
- Inefficiency. You are dissatisfied with your work - and indeed, its quality is decreasing. Fatigue leads to inattention and forgetfulness, a decline in motivation can lead to procrastination, carelessness, and failure to meet deadlines.
There may be additional symptoms:
- Unwell: headache, gastrointestinal problems, muscle and joint pain.
- Sleep and appetite disturbances.
- Low immunity: you get sick endlessly and cannot recover for a long time.
- Various emotional disorders: irritability, anxiety, depression, helplessness, apathy.
- Acute outbursts of emotions with tears and screams - sometimes due to minor troubles.
- Doubts about your professionalism.
- Treating stress with food, alcohol or drugs.
Burnout or depression?
Bad mood, loss of motivation, impaired attention and memory - all this is similar to depression. Some scientists claim that burnout is a form of depression. Others separate one from the other.
How to understand what is happening to you? Ask yourself three questions.
1. What is the cause of your condition? Where did it all start? Burnout is clearly linked to professional problems, and depression often has no apparent explanation.
2. Are there any classes that you enjoy and are interested in? Loss of interest in all hobbies is a sign of depression. Burnout primarily affects work.
3. Do you feel better on weekends or vacations? When you burn out, rest and distance help you recover, and depression is not cured by changing circumstances.
To be sure, it is still better to consult a specialist. Even if you don't have depression now, burnout can develop into it.
Causes of professional burnout
What working conditions contribute to professional burnout?
- Lack of control. You do not affect your duties and schedule. Decisions are made without you, wishes and suggestions are not welcome. Your boss is a micromanager: he monitors every step, imposes his own methods and procedures.
- Excessive workload, high demands, tight deadline. Perhaps you have to stay late in the office or be on call 24 hours a day. As a result, the balance between career and personal life is disturbed.
- Unclear expectations: poorly set tasks, unclear areas of responsibility, lack of feedback. Such uncertainty is also a source of stress.
- Cold or toxic atmosphere. A lack of communication, support and trust negatively affects engagement. Conflicts, fierce competition, and office bullying are even worse.
- Lack of fair compensation: payment, recognition, career growth. Fairness is a key concept. Denying a promotion won't result in burnout if we lose out to a stronger candidate. It's another matter if the boss's relatives push us to our advantage.
- Monotonous routine or, on the contrary, complete chaos. Both extremes affect concentration and motivation.
- "A helping profession." The work of doctors, psychologists, and teachers requires maximum immersion and dedication. Sympathy is expected from them, and someone else's pain causes difficult experiences in themselves. It's no wonder that without proper support and self-care, these professionals quickly burn out.
But none of these factors automatically cause burnout. You can be at odds with your superiors, but be sincerely happy about your contribution to society. Sometimes a high workload pays off with a high salary and status. In other words, the cost-benefit ratio is important.
Our personal characteristics also play a role:
- Perfectionism;
- Pessimism;
- Emotional instability;
- Anxiety;
- Excessive need for control.
People with these traits often struggle with stress ineffectively, which exacerbates the situation. For example, there is a connection between emotional burnout and a tendency to avoid conflicts: not to defend one's boundaries, to silently gather resentment.
If this is about you, then there is no need to blame yourself: burnout is a product of corporate culture and modern society. However, it is worth analyzing your reaction to stress.
Consequences of professional burnout
Burnout harms not only mental, but also physical health:
- The body becomes more vulnerable to viruses and bacteria.
- The threat of diabetes, hypertension and heart disease increases.
- The risk of alcohol and drug addiction increases.
- Disrupted sleep is our best defense against cancer, Alzheimer's and other diseases.
- Employees with burnout are 63% more likely than others to take sick leave and 23% more often to seek emergency care.
The psychological and social consequences are not rosy either.
- We work worse, make more mistakes, lose self-confidence. This is often followed by dismissal.
- Helping professions have reduced empathy. Because of this, they can injure patients or students.
- Relationships at work and at home are deteriorating. We start lashing out at others or withdrawing.
Professional burnout is the result of chronic stress at work. This is comprehensive fatigue, detached or negative attitude to work, decreased productivity. The reason may be an unhealthy atmosphere in the team, excessive workload, strict control or unclear requirements, lack of return or expense of the profession itself.
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